Origin of the word: ABDUCTION

Abduction /noun, plural: abductions/ (English): 1690-1700

> In another languages:

• Abducción (Español)
• Abdução (Português)
• Abduktion (Deutsch)
• Abduction (Français)
• Abduzione (Italiano)

> From:

• Lat. abductio, abductiōnis (separation, leading away, taking away). This comes from the verb abdūcere, abdūcō (to take away): ab– (away, from) + dūcere, dūcō (to lead, to drive).

> Meaning:

• Present: (…) Forc(ing) someone to go somewhere with you, often using threats or violence (Cambridge Dictionary). The action or an instance of forcibly taking someone away against their will; the illegal removal of a child from parents or guardian; the movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body, or from another part (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: A taking away (mostly by force).

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Origin of the word: ABDOMEN

Abdomen /noun, plural: abdomens/ (English): 1535-1545

> In another languages:

• Abdomen (Español)
• Abdômen (Português)
• Abdomen (German)
• Abdomen (Français)
• Addome (Italiano)

> From:

• Lat. abdōmen (belly fat). The origin is unknown, but it seems to come from the verb abdere, abdō (to hide, to conceal): ab (away, from) + dō (to give, to offer). If this is correct, abdōmen could mean “viscera concealment” or “what is hidden (by a dress)”.

> Meaning:

• Present: The lower part of a person’s or animal’s body, which contains the stomach, bowels and other organs, or the end of an insect’s body (Cambridge Dictionary). The part of the body of a vertebrate containing the digestive organs; the belly. In humans and other mammals, it is bounded by the diaphragm and the pelvis; the posterior part of the body of an arthropod, especially the segments of an insect’s body behind the thorax (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: concealment (probably).

Origin of the word: ABDICATE

Abdicate /verb/ (English): 1535-1545

> In another languages:

• Abdicar (Español)
• Abdicar (Português)
• Abdiziere (German)
• Abdiquer (Français)
• Abdicare (Italiano)

> From:

• Lat. abdbicātus (renounced) past participle of abdicāre (to disown, to reject) especifically abdicāre magistrātu (to renounce office). Abdicāre comes from ab– (away, from) + dicāre (to proclame) and the latter from dicĕre (to say).

> Meaning:

• Present: If a king or queen abdicates, they make a formal statement that they no longer want to be king or queen; to stop controlling or managing something that you are in charge of (Cambridge Dictionary). Renounce one’s throne; fail to fulfill or undertake (a responsibility or duty) (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: To proclaim a resignation.

Origin of the word: ABBREVIATION

Abbreviation /noun, plural: abbreviations/ (English): 1400-1450

> In another languages:

With the same roots:

• Abreviación/Abreviatura (Español)
• Abreviação/Abreviatura (Português)
• Abréviation (Français)
• Abbreviazione/Abbreviatura (Italiano)

With another roots:

• Abkürzung (Deutsch): ab– (away, off, down) + kürzung (reduction, cut).

> From:

• Lat abbreviāre: ad (to) + breviāre (shorten) from brevis (short, brief, shallow).

> Meaning:

• Present: A short form of a word or phrase (Cambridge Dictionary). A shortened form of a word or phrase; the process or result of abbreviating (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: Something made short, something made brief.

Origin of the word: ABBOT/ABBESS

Abbot /masculine noun, plural: abbots/ (English): before 900

Abbess /feminine noun, plural: abbesses/ (English): 1275-1325

> In another languages:

• Abad (m)/Abadesa (f) (Español)
• Abade (m)/Abadessa (f) (Português)
• Abt (m)/Äbtissin (f) (Deutsch)
• Abbé (m)/Abbesse (f) (Français)
• Abate (m)/Badessa (f)(Italiano)

> From:

Abbot:

• Old English abbod:  abbot.
• Lat. abbas, abbātis: abbot, (religious) father.
• Gr. ἀββᾶ (‘a·bba), ἀββᾶς (‘a·bbas): abbot, (religious) father.
• Syriac ܐܒܐ (‘a.bā): father, abbot (it’s first used with this sense in the Syrian monasteries).
• Aramaic אבא (‘a·bā): father.

Abbess:

• Old French abbesse, abaesse: abbess. This word replace the Old English one that had came directly from Latin.
• Old English abadisse, abbodesse: abbess.
  
• Lat. abbātissa: abbess, (religious) mother (feminine of abbas).
• Gr. ἀββᾶ (‘a·bba), ἀββᾶς (‘a·bbas): abbot, (religious) father.
• Syriac ܐܒܐ (‘a.bā): father, abbot (it’s first used with this sense in the Syrian monasteries).
• Aramaic אבא (‘a·bā): father.

> Meaning:

• Present: A man who is in charge of a monastery (m)/a woman who is in charge of a convent (f) (Cambridge Dictionary). A man who is the head of an abbey of monks (m)/a woman who is the head of an abbey of nuns (f) (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: (Religious) father (m)/(religious) she-father (f).

Origin of the word: ABATE

Abate /verb/ (English): 1300-1350

> In another languages:

With the same roots:

• Abatir (Español)
• Abater (Português)
• Abattre (Français)
• Abbattere (Italiano)

With another roots:

• Abflauen (Deutsch): ab– (away, off, down) + flauen, flau (weak, slack).

> From:

• Old French abatre: to beat down, to cast down, to knock down, to fell.
• Lat. ad battuĕre: ad (to, at, preposition of intensity) battuĕre (to beat).

> Meaning:

• Present: To become less strong (Cambridge Dictionary). Become less intense or widespread; cause to become smaller or less intense; lessen, reduce, or remove (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: To beat down.

Origin of the word: ABASE

Abase /verb/ (English): 1470-1480

> In another languages:

With the same roots:

• Rebajar/Bajar, abajar (Español)
• Rebaixar/Abaixar (Português)
• Abaisser (Français)
• Abbassar (Italiano)

With another roots:

• Erniedrigen/Senken (Deutsch): erniedrigen (to humiliate, to degrade) from niedrig (low, plebeian); senken (to lower) related to sinken (to sink, to go down).

> From:

• Old French abaissier: to diminish, to make lower in value or status.
• Lat. ad bassiare: to bring lower. This term from Lat. bassus: low in stature.

> Meaning:

• Present: To make yourself seem to be less important or not to deserve respect (Cambridge Dictionary). Behave in a way so as to belittle or degrade (Oxford Dictionary).
• Original: To put in a lower position.